Type 2 diabetes
Alternate Names : Noninsulin-dependent diabetes, Diabetes - type 2, Adult-onset diabetes
Symptoms & Signs
Often, people with type 2 diabetes have no symptoms at all. If you do have symptoms, they may include:
Diagnosis & Tests
Type 2 diabetes is diagnosed with the following blood tests: - Fasting blood glucose level -- diabetes is diagnosed if higher than 126 mg/dL on two occasions.
- Oral glucose tolerance test -- diabetes is diagnosed if glucose level is higher than 200 mg/dL after 2 hours.
- Random (non-fasting) blood glucose level -- diabetes is suspected if higher than 200 mg/dL and accompanied by the classic symptoms of increased thirst, urination, and fatigue (this test must be confirmed with a fasting blood glucose test).
You should see your health care provider every 3 months. At these visits, you can expect your health care provider to:: - Check your blood pressure
- Check the skin and bones on your feet and legs
- Check the sensation on your feet
- Exam the back part of the eye with a special lighted instrument called an ophthalmoscope
The following tests will help you and your doctor monitor your diabetes and prevent complications: - Have your blood pressure checked at least every year (blood pressure goals should be 130/80 mm/Hg or lower).
- Have your glycosulated hemoglobin (HbA1c) checked every 6 months if your diabetes is well controlled; otherwise every 3 months.
- Have your cholesterol and triglyceride levels checked yearly (aim for LDL levels below 100 mg/dL).
- Get yearly tests to make sure your kidneys are working well (microalbuminuria and serum creatinine).
- Visit your ophthalmologist) at least once a year, or more often if you have signs of diabetic retinopathy.
- See the dentist every 6 months for a thorough dental cleaning and exam. Make sure your dentist and hygienist know that you have diabetes.
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