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You are here : AllRefer.com > Health > Medical Symptoms Guide > Sunburn

Sunburn

Provided by A.D.A.M.

Definition

Common Causes

Home Care & Treatment

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Alternate Names : Burn from the Sun


Definition

Skin burned by exposure to the sun or other ultraviolet light. See also sunburn first aid.

Pictures & Images

Burns
Burns

Sun Protection
Sun Protection

Skin Cancer, Melanoma on the Fingernail
Skin Cancer, Melanoma on the Fingernail

Skin Cancer, Close-Up of Lentigo Maligna Melanoma
Skin Cancer, Close-Up of Lentigo Maligna Melanoma

Skin Cancer, Close-Up of Level III Melanoma
Skin Cancer, Close-Up of Level III Melanoma

Skin Cancer, Close-Up of Level IV Melanoma
Skin Cancer, Close-Up of Level IV Melanoma

Skin Cancer, Melanoma Superficial Spreading
Skin Cancer, Melanoma Superficial Spreading

Sunburn
Sunburn

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Common Causes

Sunburn results when the amount of exposure to the sun or other ultraviolet light source exceeds the ability of the body's protective pigment, melanin, to protect the skin. Sunburn in a very light-skinned person may occur in less than 15 minutes of midday sun exposure, while a dark-skinned person may tolerate the same exposure for hours.

It is now recognized that sunburn and sun exposure should not be taken as something insignificant. Deaths have resulted from acute sun exposure and significant temporary disability is experienced by millions of sunburned people each year.

Unlike a thermal burn, sunburn is not immediately apparent. By the time the skin starts to become painful and red, the damage has been done. The pain is worst between 6 and 48 hours after sun exposure. In severe sunburns, blistering of the skin may occur.

Swelling (Edema) of the skin, especially in the legs, is common. Toxins are released with sunburn, and fever is not uncommon. Skin peeling usually begins between three and eight days after exposure.

The long-term consequences of years of overexposure to the sun are significant. One blistering sunburn doubles the likelihood of developing malignant melanoma. Chronic sun exposure causes premature wrinkling and aging of the skin. Age spots (lentigo) are a result of sun exposure.

Skin cancer (basal cell and squamous cell cancer) is directly related to the amount of sun exposure (determined by skin pigmentation and hours in the sun). Finally, sun exposure and ultraviolet damage have been implicated in the development of cataracts.

Very effective sunscreens have been developed that protect from UVA and UVB (long and short wavelengths of ultraviolet light), which are the components of sunlight responsible for burning and cancerous changes in the skin.

Sunscreen, protective clothing, and ultraviolet-protected sunglasses are all recommended to prevent excessive sun exposure. Wearing a sunscreen with high sun protection factor (SPF) is recommended. The higher SPF numbers indicate greater protection. Unfortunately, there is no way to get a "safe tan" from the sun.



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Definition
Sunburn: Common Causes
Sunburn: Home Care & Treatment
Call your Health Care Provider if
What to Expect at your Health Care Provider's Office
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Topics that might be of interest to you

Diseases & Conditions

Cancer
Cataract
Liver Spots
Skin Cancer

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Acute
Burns
Chronic
Dizziness
Fever
Melanin
Physical Examination
Sunburn First Aid
Swelling
Toxins
Vesicles
Vision Problems

Review Date : 7/29/2003
Reviewed By : Jacqueline A. Hart, M.D., Senior Medical Editor, A.D.A.M., Inc. Previously reviewed by Michael Lehrer, M.D., Department of Dermatology, University of Pennsylvania Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA. Review provided by VeriMed Healthcare Network (5/1/2001).

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The information provided herein should not be used during any medical emergency or for the diagnosis or treatment of any medical condition. A licensed physician should be consulted for diagnosis and treatment of any and all medical conditions. Call 911 for all medical emergencies. Links to other sites are provided for information only -- they do not constitute endorsements of those other sites. Copyright 2003 A.D.A.M., Inc. Any duplication or distribution of the information contained herein is strictly prohibited.

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