Some patients may not believe that their pain is due to psychological factors, and may refuse treatment by a mental health professional. Yet many chronic pain syndromes, including those due to physical problems, can be effectively treated with antidepressants.

Supportive measures such as hot and cold packs, physical therapy, distraction techniques, and massage can also be helpful. Prescription and nonprescription pain medications are usually not effective and can have serious side effects.

People with this disorder may benefit from treatment at pain centers.

The outlook is worse for patients who have had symptoms for a long time. Your outlook will improve if you can start doing your previous activities, even with the pain.

• Addiction to prescription pain medications (if they are not used correctly)
• Complications from surgery

Call your health care provider if you or your child experiences chronic pain.