Semen analysis is a test to measure the amount and quality of a man's semen and sperm. Semen is the thick, white, sperm-containing fluid released during ejaculation.

The test is sometimes called a sperm count.

Semen analysis is one of the first tests done to evaluate a man's fertility. It can help determine if a problem in sperm production or quality of the sperm is causing infertility. Approximately half of couples unable to have children have a male infertility problem.

The test may also be used after a vasectomy to make sure there are no sperm in the semen. This can confirm the success of the vasectomy.

The test may also be performed for the following condition:

• Klinefelter syndrome

You will need to provide a semen sample. Your health care provider will explain how to collect a sample.

Sample collection may involve masturbation and collecting the sperm into a sterile container. It may also be collected during intercourse by using a special condom supplied by your health care provider.

A laboratory specialist must look at the sample within 2 hours of the collection. The earlier the sample is analyzed, the more reliable the results. The laboratory specialist will look at the sample to determine the following details:

• Fluid coagulation (thickening into a solid) and liquefaction
• Fluid thickness, acidity, and sugar content
• Resistance to flow (viscosity)
• Sperm movement or motility
• Number and structure of the sperm
• Volume of semen

Do not have any sexual activity that causes ejaculation for 2 - 3 days before the test.

If you are uncomfortable about how the sample is to be taken, discuss it with your health care provider.