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Epispadias
Symptoms & Signs
In males: - Abnormal opening from the joint between the pubic bones to the area above the tip of the penis
- Backward flow of urine into the kidney (reflux nephropathy)
- Short, widened penis with an abnormal curvature
- Urinary tract infections
- Widened pubic bone
In females: - Abnormal clitoris and labia
- Abnormal opening where the from the bladder neck to the area above the normal urethral opening
- Backward flow of urine into the kidney (reflux nephropathy)
- Widened pubic bone
- Urinary incontinence
- Urinary tract infections
Diagnosis & Tests
- Blood test to check electrolyte levels
- Intravenous pyelogram (IVP), a special x-ray of the kidneys, bladder, and ureters
- MRI and CT scans, depending on the condition
- Pelvic x-ray
- Ultrasound of the urogenital system
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Review Date : 1/21/2010
Reviewed By : Linda J. Vorvick, MD, Medical Director, MEDEX Northwest Division of Physician Assistant Studies, University of Washington, School of Medicine; Scott Miller, MD, Urologist in private practice in Atlanta, Georgia. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc.
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