Endometrial Cancer
Alternate Names : Adenocarcinoma of the Endometrium/Uterus, Cancer - Endometrial, Cancer - Uterine, Endometrial/Uterine Adenocarcinoma, Uterine Cancer
DefinitionEndometrial cancer involves cancerous growth of the endometrium (lining of the uterus).
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Overview, Causes, & Risk Factors
Endometrial cancer is the most common type of uterine cancer. Although the exact cause of endometrial cancer is unknown, increased levels of estrogen appear to have a role. One of estrogen's normal functions is to stimulate the buildup of the epithelial lining of the uterus. Excess estrogen administered to laboratory animals produces endometrial hyperplasia and cancer.
The incidence of endometrial cancer in women in the U.S. is 1% to 2%. The incidence peaks between the ages of 60 and 70 years, but 2% to 5% of cases may occur before the age of 40 years. Increased risk of developing endometrial cancer has been noted in women with increased levels of natural estrogen.
Associated conditions include the following:
Increased risk is also associated with the following:
Women who have a history of endometrial polyps or other benign growths of the uterine lining, postmenopausal women who use estrogen-replacement therapy (specifically if not given in conjunction with periodic progestin) and those with diabetes are also at increased risk
Tamoxifen, a drug used to treat breast cancer, can also increase the risk of developing endometrial cancer.
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