Digital Rectal Exam
Definition An examination of the lower rectum to check for hemorrhoids, anal fissures and stool abnormalities such as frank or occult blood. The term digital refers to the clinician's use of a lubricated finger to conduct the exam. This examination is also used to evaluate the prostate gland in males.
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Why is the Test Performed?
This test is performed for various reasons. A doctor may use this test in an evaluation for rectal or prostatic problems. In men, the test is used to screen for prostate cancer along with blood and other tests, because the doctor can palpate the prostate gland for abnormalities. It is also used to evaluate for an enlarged prostate.
It is also done as one of the initial screening tests for colorectal cancer.
If a patient complains of rectal bleeding or appears to have an acute hemorrhage, the stool should always be evaluated for obvious or occult blood. Patients needing blood thinners, such as heparin for a medical emergency like a stroke or suspected heart attack, will also be pre-screened with a rectal exam to rule out obvious rectal bleeding.
This procedure is also done before other tests to make sure nothing is blocking the rectum before an instrument is inserted.
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