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Diabetes
Alternate Names : Diabetes Mellitus
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Diabetes Diagnosis & Tests
A urine analysis may be used to look for glucose and ketones from the breakdown of fat. However, a urine test alone does not diagnose diabetes. The following blood glucose tests are used to diagnose diabetes:
- Fasting blood glucose level -- diabetes is diagnosed if higher than 126 mg/dL on two occasions.
- Random (non-fasting) blood glucose level -- diabetes is suspected if higher than 200 mg/dL and accompanied by the classic symptoms of increased thirst, urination, and fatigue. (This test must be confirmed with a fasting blood glucose test.)
- Oral glucose tolerance test -- diabetes is diagnosed if glucose level is higher than 200 mg/dL after 2 hours (This test is used more for type 2 diabetes.)
Patients with type 1 diabetes usually develop symptoms over a short period of time, and the condition is often diagnosed in an emergency setting. In addition to having high glucose levels, acutely ill type 1 diabetics have high levels of ketones. Ketones are produced by the breakdown of fat and muscle, and they are toxic at high levels. Ketones in the blood cause a condition called "acidosis" (low blood pH). Urine testing detects both glucose and ketones in the urine. Blood glucose levels are also high.
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- Crohn's Disease
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• Definition
• Diabetes Overview, Causes, & Risk Factors
• Diabetes Symptoms & Signs
• Diabetes Prevention
• Diabetes Diagnosis & Tests
• Diabetes Treatment
• Diabetes Prognosis
• Diabetes Complications
• Diabetes Support Groups
• Calling Your Health Care Provider
• Pictures & Images
Topics that might be of interest to you Diseases & Conditions
• Angina - Stable
• Arteriosclerosis of the Extremities
• Atherosclerosis
• Diabetic Hyperglycemic Hyperosmolar Coma
• Diabetic Ketoacidosis
• Diabetic Nephropathy
• Diabetic Neuropathy
• Diabetic Retinopathy
• Gestational Diabetes
• Hypertension
• Hypoglycemia
• Lipid Disorders - Acquired
• Type 1 Diabetes
• Type 2 Diabetes
Tests & Exams
• Blood Glucose Monitoring
• Glucose Test
• Glucose Tolerance Test
• HbA1c
• Urinalysis
Other Topics
• Abdominal Pain
• Appetite - Increased
• Confusion
• Consciousness - Decreased
• Diabetes - Resources
• Dizziness
• Drowsiness
• Fatigue
• Headache
• Movement - Uncoordinated
• Nausea and Vomiting
• Rapid Deep Breathing (Hyperventilation)
• Seizures
• Thirst - Excessive
• Urination - Excessive Volume
• Vision Problems
• Weakness
• Weight Loss - Unintentional
Review Date : 6/12/2003
Reviewed By : A.D.A.M. editorial. Previous review by Todd T. Brown, M.D., Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD. Review provided by VeriMed Healthcare Network. (5/13/2002)
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