Cancer - vulva (Cancer

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Cancer - vulva

Alternate Names : Cancer - perineum

Definition

Vulvar cancer is cancer that starts in the vulva. Vulvar cancer most often affects the labia, the folds of skin outside the vagina. In some cases, vulvar cancer may start on the clitoris or in glands on the sides of the vagina opening.

Overview, Causes, & Risk Factors

Most vulvar cancers begin in skin cells called squamous cells. Other vulvar cancers are:

Adenocarcinoma
Basal cell carcinoma
Melanoma
Sarcoma

Vulvar cancer is relatively rare. Risk factors include:

Human papilloma virus (HPV, or genital warts) infection in women under age 50
Chronic skin changes such as lichen sclerosis or squamous hyperplasia in women over age 50
History of cervical cancer or vaginal cancer
Smoking

Women with a condition called vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia (VIN) have a greater risk of developing vulvar cancer that spreads. However, most cases of VIN never lead to cancer.

Pictures & Images

Female perineal anatomy

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Cancer - vulva : Definition
Cancer - vulva : Overview, Causes, & Risk Factors
Cancer - vulva : Symptoms & Signs
Cancer - vulva : Diagnosis & Tests
Cancer - vulva : Treatment
Cancer - vulva : Support Groups
Cancer - vulva : Prognosis (Expectations)
Cancer - vulva : Complications
Cancer - vulva : Calling Your Health Care Provider
Cancer - vulva : Prevention
Cancer - vulva : References
Cancer - vulva : Pictures & Images
Female perineal anatomy

Review Date : 1/31/2010
Reviewed By : Linda J. Vorvick, MD, Medical Director, MEDEX Northwest Division of Physician Assistant Studies, University of Washington, School of Medicine; and Yi-Bin Chen, MD, Leukemia/Bone Marrow Transplant Program, Massachusetts General Hospital. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc.

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