Aging Changes in the Male Reproductive System
Definition Andropause, Normal male reproductive changes
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Description
Unlike women, who abruptly stop being fertile with menopause, men do not experience a sudden change in fertility as they age. Instead, changes occur gradually during a process that some people refer to as andropause.
Aging changes in the male reproductive system occur primarily in the testes. Testicular tissue mass decreases and the level of the male sex hormone testosterone stays the same or decreases very slightly. Erectile function may also be impaired
Fertility:
The tubes that carry sperm may become less elastic (a process called sclerosis). The testes continue to produce sperm, but the rate of sperm cell production slows. The epididymis, seminal vesicles, and prostate gland lose some of their surface cells but continue to produce the fluid that helps carry sperm.
Urinary function:
The prostate gland enlarges with age as some of the prostate tissue is replaced with a scarlike fibrotic tissue. This condition, called benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH), affects about 50% of men. This may cause problems with urination as well as with ejaculation.
In both men and women, reproductive system changes are closely related to changes in the urinary system.
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